AIAA S-102.1.5-2019 provides the basis for developing the performance-based Failure Review Board (FRB), which is a group consisting of representatives from appropriate project organizations with the level of responsibility and authority to assure that root causes are identified and corrective actions are effected in a timely manner for all significant failures. Although good engineering practice suggests that most product development projects should include a formal FRB, the basic FRB functions may devolve to a single individual on small projects. Planning and reporting requirements and analytic tools are provided for contractors. The linkage of this Standard to the other standards in the new family of performance-based reliability and maintainability (R&M) standards is described, and a large number of keyword data element descriptions (DED) for use in automating the FRB process are provided.